AirPort Settings for Best Wi-Fi Performance
I had previously had the radio mode set to all 802.11n, because I have a separate network for the few remaining 802.11g devices I have, and I thought I was benefitting myself by preventing the network from dropping down to g speeds to accommodate those devices. This turned out to be a counterintuitive mistake - if you lock the radio mode to 802.11n, it CANNOT achieve maximum throughput, and it cripples most modern connections. The only acceptable radio mode I’ve found is 802.11a/n - 802.11b/g/n (Automatic).